To determine what each digit is, we use the following: There are three access levels-user, group, and others. Here, from left to right, the character # represents an access level. It is based on the following syntax: ~]$ chmod # file | directory The numeric method is, in my experience, the best way to learn and practice permissions. Which - represents access levels: r, w, x (read, write, execute)Īn example of this is if I want to add the read and write permissions to a file named test.txt for user and group, I use the following command: ~]$ chmod ug+rw test.txtįull disclosure, this is not my preferred method of assigning permissions, and if you would like more information around this method, I recommend your nearest search engine.What - represents actions: +, -, = (add, remove, set exact).Who - represents identities: u,g,o,a (user, group, other, all).The symbolic method uses the following syntax: ~]$ chmod WhoWhatWhich file | directory The TL DR is that there are two main ways of assigning permissions. If you want an in-depth look at the chmod command, check out this article from Sudoer Shashank Hegde, Linux permissions: An introduction to chmod. I will give a quick explanation of the various ways to calculate permissions, and then we will focus on the special permissions within Linux.

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Set gid linux terminal